Quote: "3) Creating atmosphere effect of entering a planet"
for this when i try and make a space sim i make a 2nd sphere thats only a tiny bit bigger than the main sphere you use for the planet. (say if the planets size is 40 make the sphere 42-45) and texture the 2nd sphere with clouds and what not. ^^
Also if you want the planet to have a "glow", texture a pain with a circle the same colour as you want the glow to be and the background black, (here is where i may be wrong...) then with the set object command i think its something like "set object obj, 0, 1, 1". With obj been your object number but i rely can't remember at the minute. you may want to ask someone elce how to stop the black pixles been drawn.
but once you have the plain textured and positioned at your planet scale it so you have enough of the "glow" visable then make it point to the camera at all times useing:
point object obj,camera position x(),camera position y(), camera position z()
and whala

hope this has been of some if any help to you