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Rem Project: spherical camera
Rem Created: 13/11/2008 15:11:16

Rem ***** Main Source File *****

`by Ed Filby aka Mr Tank
`13th Nov 2008

`this is something i hacked together with educated guesswork
`it's an angle preserving spherical camera
`it renders a standard camera (camera 1) to an image
`this image is spread over a matrix shaped as a hyperbola
`then another camera (camera 0) takes a picture of the hyperbola, and shows this on the screen.



sync on
sync rate 50   `twice what really want- since using 2 cameras!
set display mode 1024,768,32

color backdrop 0
autocam off
hide mouse

matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes

matsizew#=4.0
matsizeh#=3.0

`for test image fov 90, size (vert) should go as 2*tan45
`guess no scale factor required - so use 2..
`matsizew#=2.667
`matsizeh#=2.0
`but 90 deg fov should be less than full possible hyperbola in view..
`guess work- 90 deg fov should mean that half height of view of possible circle
`is used.. this view seems about right!!
`matsizew#=1.333*sqrt(2)
`matsizeh#=1.0*sqrt(2)

`assuming the above is right, if we use a 150 deg fov...
`should be-
`matsizew#=1.333*sqrt(2)*tan(75)
matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(75)
matsizew#=matsizeh#  `MAKE A SQUARE CAMERA! - will need to set camera aspect for cam 1 to 1

matdivs=15
matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivs)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivs)
make matrix 1,matsizew#*matsf#,matsizeh#*matsf#,matdivs,matdivs
set matrix 1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0

`make a hyperbolic surface....
for m=0 to matdivs
for n=0 to matdivs
x#=(m-0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
y#=(n-0.5*matdivs)*matsqh#
h#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#+y#*y#)
set matrix height 1,m,n,0.0-h#*matsf#
next n
next m
position matrix 1,-0.5*matsizew#*matsf#,0.0,-0.5*matsizeh#*matsf#
update matrix 1

position camera 0,0,0
point camera 0,-1,0

`for a circular camera - set max range to depth of hyperbola at centre of edge..
x#=(0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
maxrange#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#)*matsf#

set camera range 50,maxrange# `300
set camera fov 90

`guess that, for small alpha, fov should be proportional to the area (viewed from above)
`of matrix projected onto (the fov of the original normal camera image). guess that
`the area (or rather , side length) should scale with the picture size- ie not the fov,
`but as 2*tan(fov/2).


`test smaller fov now- how cam would be used in actual game..
`set camera fov 48
`set camera fov 60
set camera fov 87


`SCENE
numboxes=600
load image "cratetop.jpg",2
for n=1 to numboxes
   make object cube n,1
   position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(40),rnd(80)-40
   point object n,0,0,0
   `color object n,rgb(rnd(250),rnd(250),rnd(250))
   texture object n,2
   `set object light n,0
   `set object ambient n,0
   rotate object n,rnd(359),rnd(359),rnd(359)
   scale object n,100,100,5000
next n
set directional light 0,0,1,0

`CAMERA TO TAKE PIC OF WORLD
make camera 1
set camera to image 1,1,1024,1024   `needs to be power of 2 to work - at least on my computer

position camera 1,0,0,0
pitch camera up 1,90
set camera fov 1,90
set camera fov 1,150 `wider angle..
set camera range 1,0.1,200
set camera aspect 1,1   `so can use square camera - otherwise is 1.333 by default
color backdrop 1,rgb(255,0,0)


do

for n=1 to numboxes:show object n:next n

pitch camera down 1,mousemovey()
turn camera right 1,mousemovex()
mc=mouseclick()
move camera 1,0.2*((mc&&%1)-((mc&&%10)>>1))

if controlkey():save image "test.bmp",1:endif

sync mask 2:sync


`have to reprepare matrix texture and update!
`hellaciously slow- should use memblock object instead of matrix, but a pain in the bum to make...

prepare matrix texture 1,1,matdivs,matdivs
tile=1
for n=matdivs-1 to 0 step -1:for m=0 to matdivs-1
      set matrix tile 1,m,n,tile
      inc tile
next n:next m
update matrix 1

if spacekey() then set matrix wireframe on 1 else set matrix wireframe off 1


for n=1 to numboxes:hide object n:next n
text 0,0,str$(screen fps())

sync mask 1:sync

loop
end

Rem Project: spherical camera
Rem Created: 13/11/2008 15:11:16

Rem ***** Main Source File *****

`by Ed Filby aka Mr Tank
`13th Nov 2008

`this is something i hacked together with educated guesswork
`it's an angle preserving spherical camera
`it renders a standard camera (camera 1) to an image
`this image is spread over a matrix shaped as a hyperbola
`then another camera (camera 0) takes a picture of the hyperbola, and shows this on the screen.
#constant mesh_memblocknum 1


sync on
sync rate 100   `twice what really want- since using 2 cameras!
set display mode 1024,768,32


dim temp_vert_pos#(6,2)


color backdrop 0
autocam off
hide mouse
set normalization on



REMSTART
matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes
matsizew#=4.0
matsizeh#=3.0

`for test image fov 90, size (vert) should go as 2*tan45
`guess no scale factor required - so use 2..
`matsizew#=2.667
`matsizeh#=2.0
`but 90 deg fov should be less than full possible hyperbola in view..
`guess work- 90 deg fov should mean that half height of view of possible circle
`is used.. this view seems about right!!
`matsizew#=1.333*sqrt(2)
`matsizeh#=1.0*sqrt(2)

`assuming the above is right, if we use a 140 deg fov...
`should be-
`matsizew#=1.333*sqrt(2)*tan(70)


matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(70)
matsizew#=matsizeh#  `MAKE A SQUARE CAMERA! - will need to set camera aspect for cam 1 to 1

matdivs=15
matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivs)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivs)


make matrix 1,matsizew#*matsf#,matsizeh#*matsf#,matdivs,matdivs
set matrix 1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0

`make a hyperbolic surface....
for m=0 to matdivs
for n=0 to matdivs
x#=(m-0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
y#=(n-0.5*matdivs)*matsqh#
h#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#+y#*y#)
set matrix height 1,m,n,0.0-h#*matsf#
next n
next m
position matrix 1,-0.5*matsizew#*matsf#,0.0,-0.5*matsizeh#*matsf#
update matrix 1
REMEND

make_hyperbola_matrix()




`SCENE
numboxes=600
load image "cratetop.jpg",2
`load image "baked04.JPG",2
for n=1 to numboxes
   `make object cube n,1
   if n=1
      make object cube n,1
      scale object n,100,100,4000   `5000
      texture object n,2
   else
      instance object n,1
      scale object n,100,100,4000   `5000
   endif

   `position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(40),rnd(80)-40
   position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40
   `point object n,0,0,0
   `color object n,rgb(rnd(250),rnd(250),rnd(250))

   `set object light n,0
   `set object ambient n,0
   `rotate object n,rnd(359),rnd(359),rnd(359)
   rotate object n,90*rnd(3),90*rnd(3),90*rnd(3)


next n

make object cube 1000,125
`scale object 1000,100,-100,100
texture object 1000,2
`scale object texture 1000,80,80
scale object texture 1000,20,20
set object cull 1000,0
`set object light 1000,0
`set object ambient 1000,0

set directional light 0,0.2,1,0
make light 1
set directional light 1,-0.2,-1,0
color light 1,-50,-50,-50
set ambient light 100
color ambient light rgb(150,150,150)
color light 0,150,150,150

fog on
fog distance 10,350
fog color rgb(200,200,200)

`CAMERA TO TAKE PIC OF WORLD
make camera 1
set camera to image 1,1,1024,1024   `needs to be power of 2 to work - at least on my computer
`set camera to image 1,1,2048,1024

position camera 1,0,0,0
pitch camera up 1,90
set camera fov 1,90
set camera fov 1,140 `wider angle..
`set camera fov 1,80
set camera range 1,0.05,250
set camera aspect 1,1   `so can use square camera - otherwise is 1.333 by default
`set camera aspect 1,2
color backdrop 1,rgb(255,0,0)


do

hide object 2000
for n=1 to numboxes:show object n:next n

pitch camera down 1,mousemovey()
turn camera right 1,mousemovex()
mc=mouseclick()
move camera 1,0.2*((mc&&%1)-((mc&&%10)>>1))

if controlkey():save image "test.bmp",1:endif

sync mask 2:sync


`have to reprepare matrix texture and update!
`hellaciously slow- should use memblock object instead of matrix, but a pain in the bum to make...

REMSTART
prepare matrix texture 1,1,matdivs,matdivs
tile=1
for n=matdivs-1 to 0 step -1:for m=0 to matdivs-1
      set matrix tile 1,m,n,tile
      inc tile
next n:next m
update matrix 1
REMEND
texture object 2000,1   `retexture call necessary??

`if spacekey() then set matrix wireframe on 1 else set matrix wireframe off 1
set object wireframe 2000,spacekey()

show object 2000
for n=1 to numboxes:hide object n:next n
text 0,0,str$(screen fps())

`test whether orienting camera has any effect on what
`view looks like. i suspect it might just move view around (although cam range clipping
`wont work the same..)
`actually perhaps not that simple - but may be able to use multiple cams to break 180 deg
`fov limit for 1 camera.
`should solve for lower dimensions first- ie for cylindrical camera...
`won't be simple rotation- since final cam only sees max of hemisphere..

`along#=curvevalue(10.0*(leftkey()-rightkey()),along#,10.0)
`zrotate camera 0,along#

along#=curvevalue(1.0*(leftkey()-rightkey()),along#,10.0)
roll camera left 1,along#

sync mask 1:sync

loop
end






















function make_hyperbola_matrix()


matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes

matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(70)
matsizew#=matsizeh#  `MAKE A SQUARE CAMERA! - will need to set camera aspect for cam 1 to 1

`matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(40)
`matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(40)
`matsizew#=2*matsizeh#   `long camera!


`matdivs=15
matdivs=20
matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivs)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivs)

REMSTART
make matrix 1,matsizew#*matsf#,matsizeh#*matsf#,matdivs,matdivs
set matrix 1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0

`make a hyperbolic surface....
for m=0 to matdivs
for n=0 to matdivs
x#=(m-0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
y#=(n-0.5*matdivs)*matsqh#
h#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#+y#*y#)
set matrix height 1,m,n,0.0-h#*matsf#
next n
next m
position matrix 1,-0.5*matsizew#*matsf#,0.0,-0.5*matsizeh#*matsf#
update matrix 1
REMEND

num_vertices=6*matdivs*matdivs   `6 per square- since a square is 2 triangles
mesh_memblocksize=12+36*num_vertices

make memblock mesh_memblocknum, mesh_memblocksize

write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,0,338
write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,4,36



write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,8,num_vertices

mycolour as dword `vertex colour. NB there is deffo another memblock mesh format that doesn't have vert colour in it.
mycolour=0xFFFFFFFF

memblock_pos=12   `next position to write

for m=0 to matdivs-1
for n=0 to matdivs-1
   xin#=-0.5*matsizew# + matsqw#*m
   yin#=-0.5*matsizeh# + matsqh#*n
   xout#=xin#+matsqw#
   yout#=yin#+matsqh#

   temp_vert_pos#(1,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(1,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   for t=1 to 6
      a#=temp_vert_pos#(t,0)  ` / matsf#
      b#=temp_vert_pos#(t,1)  ` / matsf#
      h#=sqrt(1.0+a#*a#+b#*b#)
      temp_vert_pos#(t,2)=0.0-h# `*matsf#
   next t

   for t=1 to 6

   `VERTEX COORDS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,2)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,1)*matsf# `was just 0.0 before added height variable..
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `NORMALS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,3)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,1.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,4)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,5)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `VERT COLOUR
   write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,mycolour
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `UV COORDS - set as just x and y
   uvscale#=0.1

   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)/matsizew#-0.5 `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,0)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.5-temp_vert_pos#(t,1)/matsizeh#   `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,1)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   next t

next n
next m

meshnum=1
make mesh from memblock meshnum, mesh_memblocknum
delete memblock mesh_memblocknum
make object 2000,meshnum,1  `track_imagenum
set object 2000,1,0,0,1,0,0,0
delete mesh meshnum

position object 2000,0,-0.6,0 `make a little behind ordinary one
`texture object 2000,1




position camera 0,0,0
point camera 0,-1,0

`for a circular camera - set max range to depth of hyperbola at centre of edge..
x#=(0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
maxrange#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#)*matsf#

set camera range 90,maxrange#  `maxrange is for circle view..  `300
set camera fov 90

`guess that, for small alpha, fov should be proportional to the area (viewed from above)
`of matrix projected onto (the fov of the original normal camera image). guess that
`the area (or rather , side length) should scale with the picture size- ie not the fov,
`but as 2*tan(fov/2).


`test smaller fov now- how cam would be used in actual game..
`set camera fov 48
`set camera fov 60       `GOOD FOR 140 - almost no black on screen..
set camera fov 83      `GOOD FOR 140 - whole circle in view
`set camera fov 87   `good for 150...

`set camera fov 65.2
`set camera fov 60



endfunction

Rem Project: spherical camera
Rem Created: 13/11/2008 15:11:16

Rem ***** Main Source File *****

`by Ed Filby aka Mr Tank
`13th Nov 2008

`this is something i hacked together with educated guesswork
`it's an angle preserving spherical camera
`it renders a standard camera (camera 1) to an image
`this image is spread over a matrix shaped as a hyperbola
`then another camera (camera 0) takes a picture of the hyperbola, and shows this on the screen.

`THIS IS CYLINDRICAL CAM VERSION - 21st Nov 08
`some inefficiency since coded using spherical cam code as base.
`basically it's projecting the world onto a plane wrapped up into a cylinder, rather than a simple
`plane as with a standard perspective camera.
`you can go to up to and beyond 360 degrees fov in one direction (horizontally - or rotation
`about vertical in thi). this version is 270 degrees and uses 3 cameras to take pictures, and the fourth
`(or zeroth) to take a picture of these images plastered onto the special objects.


#constant mesh_memblocknum 1


sync on
sync rate 200   `4* what really want- since using 4 cameras!
set display mode 1024,768,32


dim temp_vert_pos#(6,2)
dim uvu#(6)
dim uvv#(6)

color backdrop 0
autocam off
hide mouse
set normalization on



for c=1 to 3
make_hyperbola_matrix(c)
next c


`SCENE
numboxes=300
load image "cratetop.jpg",10
`load image "baked04.JPG",11
load image "5640.JPG",11
for n=1 to numboxes

   if n=1
      make object cube n,1
      scale object n,100,100,4000   `5000
      texture object n,10
   else
      instance object n,1
      scale object n,100,100,4000   `5000
   endif

   position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40
   rotate object n,90*rnd(3),90*rnd(3),90*rnd(3)

next n

make object cube 1000,125
`texture object 1000,10
texture object 1000,11
scale object texture 1000,10,10
set object cull 1000,0


set directional light 0,0.2,-1,0.1
make light 1
set directional light 1,-0.2,1,0.1
color light 1,-80,-80,-60
set ambient light 100
color ambient light rgb(200,200,200)
color light 0,100,100,80

fog off

`CAMERA TO TAKE PIC OF WORLD
for c=1 to 3
    make camera c
    `set camera to image c,1,1024,1024   `needs to be power of 2 to work - at least on my computer
    set camera to image c,c,512,1024
next c


`DUMMY OBJECT
dummyobjno=1100
make object cube dummyobjno,1
hide object dummyobjno
position object dummyobjno,0,0,0
pitch object up dummyobjno,90


for c=1 to 3
   set camera range c,0.05,250

   `set camera fov c,90.5
   `set camera aspect c,1   `so can use square camera - otherwise is 1.333 by default

   `tall cameras-
   `set camera aspect c,0.6667
   `set camera fov c,2.0*atan(1.5*tan(90.5*0.5))

   `even taller!
   set camera aspect c,0.5
   set camera fov c,2.0*atan(2.0*tan(90.5*0.5))

   color backdrop c,rgb(255,0,0)
next c


do

hide object 2000
hide object 2001
hide object 2002
for n=1 to numboxes:show object n:next n
show object 1000

ang#=object angle x(dummyobjno)+mousemovey()
if ang#>90.0 then ang#=90.0
if ang#<-90.0 then ang#=-90.0
rotate object dummyobjno,ang#,wrapvalue(object angle y(dummyobjno)+mousemovex()),0

mc=mouseclick()
`move camera 1,0.2*((mc&&%1)-((mc&&%10)>>1))
move object dummyobjno,0.2*((mc&&%1)-((mc&&%10)>>1))

x#=object position x(dummyobjno)
y#=object position y(dummyobjno)
z#=object position z(dummyobjno)
for c=1 to 3
position camera c,x#,y#,z#
set camera to object orientation c,dummyobjno
next c

turn camera right 1,90
turn camera right 2,-90

if controlkey():save image "test.bmp",1:endif

sync mask 14:sync

for n=1 to 3
   o=1999+n
   texture object o,n   `retexture call necessary??
   set object wireframe o,spacekey()
   show object o
next n

for n=1 to numboxes:hide object n:next n
hide object 1000
text 0,0,str$(screen fps())


sync mask 1:sync

loop
end











function make_hyperbola_matrix(matnum)


matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes

matsizeh#=2.0*tan(45.25)  `90.5 deg - so tan45 =1.
matsizew#=matsizeh#  `MAKE A SQUARE CAMERA! - will need to set camera aspect for cam 1 to 1

`matsizeh#=matsizeh#*1.5 `tall cams
matsizeh#=matsizeh#*2.0 `even taller!


matdivsw=16
matdivsh=1
matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivsw)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivsh)


num_vertices=6*matdivsw*matdivsh   `6 per square- since a square is 2 triangles
mesh_memblocksize=12+36*num_vertices

make memblock mesh_memblocknum, mesh_memblocksize

write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,0,338
write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,4,36


write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,8,num_vertices

mycolour as dword `vertex colour. NB there is deffo another memblock mesh format that doesn't have vert colour in it.
mycolour=0xFFFFFFFF

memblock_pos=12   `next position to write

for m=0 to matdivsw-1
for n=0 to matdivsh-1
   xin#=-0.5*matsizew# + matsqw#*m
   yin#=-0.5*matsizeh# + matsqh#*n
   xout#=xin#+matsqw#
   yout#=yin#+matsqh#

   temp_vert_pos#(1,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(1,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   for t=1 to 6
      a1#=temp_vert_pos#(t,0)  ` / matsf#
      b#=temp_vert_pos#(t,1)  ` / matsf#

      `REMEMBERING UVS FOR LATER..
      `NB THIS IS NOT REALLY NECESSARY- CAN CALC LATER..
      uvscale#=0.1
      uvu#(t)=temp_vert_pos#(t,0)/matsizew#-0.5 `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,0)
      uvv#(t)=0.5-temp_vert_pos#(t,1)/matsizeh#   `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,1)


      tempa#=sqrt(1.0+a1#*a1#)
      if (a1#=0.0)=0
         h#=tempa#
         temp_vert_pos#(t,0)=tempa#*((3.1415/180.0)*atan(a1#)) `SIDEWAYSNESS..
      else
         h#=1.0
      endif

      `move sideways- for side-looking camera.
      if matnum=1
         `degs#=3.1415/4.0 `45 degrees
         degs#=3.1415/2.0  `90 degrees
      endif
      if matnum=2
         `degs#=-3.1415/4.0
         degs#=-3.1415/2.0
      endif
      if matnum=3
         `degs#=-3.1415/4.0
         degs#=0.0
      endif

      temp_vert_pos#(t,0)=temp_vert_pos#(t,0)+h#*degs#
      temp_vert_pos#(t,2)=0.0-h# `*matsf#
   next t

   for t=1 to 6

   `VERTEX COORDS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,2)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,1)*matsf# `was just 0.0 before added height variable..
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `NORMALS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,3)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,1.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,4)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,5)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `VERT COLOUR
   write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,mycolour
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `UV COORDS - set as just x and y

   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,uvu#(t)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,uvv#(t)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   next t

next n
next m


meshnum=1
make mesh from memblock meshnum, mesh_memblocknum
delete memblock mesh_memblocknum


o=1999+matnum
make object o,meshnum,matnum  `track_imagenum
set object o,1,0,0,1,0,0,0


delete mesh meshnum


position camera 0,0,0
point camera 0,-1,0

`for a circular camera - set max range to depth of hyperbola at centre of edge..
x#=(0.5*matdivsw)*matsqw#
maxrange#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#)*matsf#

set camera range 90,maxrange#+1.0  `maxrange is for circle view..  `300
                                    `+1.0 is so can be sure all shown..
set camera fov 121 `this number is unimportant- just affects scaling of final image on screen..


endfunction

Rem Project: spherical camera
Rem Created: 13/11/2008 15:11:16

Rem ***** Main Source File *****

`by Ed Filby aka Mr Tank
`13th Nov 2008

`this is something i hacked together with educated guesswork
`it's an angle preserving spherical camera
`it renders a standard camera (camera 1) to an image
`this image is spread over a matrix shaped as a hyperbola
`then another camera (camera 0) takes a picture of the hyperbola, and shows this on the screen.
#constant mesh_memblocknum 1


sync on
sync rate 100   `twice what really want- since using 2 cameras!
set display mode 1024,768,32


dim temp_vert_pos#(6,2)


color backdrop 0
autocam off
hide mouse
set normalization on



REMSTART
matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes
matsizew#=4.0
matsizeh#=3.0

`for test image fov 90, size (vert) should go as 2*tan45
`guess no scale factor required - so use 2..
`matsizew#=2.667
`matsizeh#=2.0
`but 90 deg fov should be less than full possible hyperbola in view..
`guess work- 90 deg fov should mean that half height of view of possible circle
`is used.. this view seems about right!!
`matsizew#=1.333*sqrt(2)
`matsizeh#=1.0*sqrt(2)

`assuming the above is right, if we use a 140 deg fov...
`should be-
`matsizew#=1.333*sqrt(2)*tan(70)


matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(70)
matsizew#=matsizeh#  `MAKE A SQUARE CAMERA! - will need to set camera aspect for cam 1 to 1

matdivs=15
matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivs)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivs)


make matrix 1,matsizew#*matsf#,matsizeh#*matsf#,matdivs,matdivs
set matrix 1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0

`make a hyperbolic surface....
for m=0 to matdivs
for n=0 to matdivs
x#=(m-0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
y#=(n-0.5*matdivs)*matsqh#
h#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#+y#*y#)
set matrix height 1,m,n,0.0-h#*matsf#
next n
next m
position matrix 1,-0.5*matsizew#*matsf#,0.0,-0.5*matsizeh#*matsf#
update matrix 1
REMEND

make_hyperbola_matrix(0)   `makes obj 2000- for view centred at hyperbola origin
make_hyperbola_matrix(1)   `makes obj 2001- for view centred on opposite hyperbola part.



`SCENE
numboxes=200
load image "cratetop.jpg",2
`load image "baked04.JPG",2
for n=1 to numboxes
   `make object cube n,1
   if n=1
      make object cube n,1
      scale object n,100,100,4000   `5000
      texture object n,2
   else
      instance object n,1
      scale object n,100,100,4000   `5000
   endif

   `position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(40),rnd(80)-40
   position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40
   point object n,0,0,0
   `color object n,rgb(rnd(250),rnd(250),rnd(250))

   `set object light n,0
   `set object ambient n,0
   `rotate object n,rnd(359),rnd(359),rnd(359)
   `rotate object n,90*rnd(3),90*rnd(3),90*rnd(3)


next n

make object cube 1000,125
`scale object 1000,100,-100,100
texture object 1000,2
`scale object texture 1000,80,80
scale object texture 1000,20,20
set object cull 1000,0
`set object light 1000,0
`set object ambient 1000,0

make object sphere 1001,10,20,20
`texture object 1001,2


set directional light 0,0.2,1,0
make light 1
set directional light 1,-0.2,-1,0
color light 1,-50,-50,-50
set ambient light 100
color ambient light rgb(150,150,150)
color light 0,150,150,150

fog on
fog distance 10,350
fog color rgb(200,200,200)

`CAMERA TO TAKE PIC OF WORLD
make camera 1
set camera to image 1,1,1024,1024   `needs to be power of 2 to work - at least on my computer
`set camera to image 1,1,2048,1024

position camera 1,0,0,0
pitch camera up 1,90
set camera fov 1,90
`set camera fov 1,140 `wider angle..
set camera fov 1,150
`set camera fov 1,80
set camera range 1,0.05,250
set camera aspect 1,1   `so can use square camera - otherwise is 1.333 by default
`set camera aspect 1,2
color backdrop 1,rgb(255,0,0)


do

hide object 2000
hide object 2001
for n=1 to numboxes:show object n:next n
show object 1000
show object 1001

pitch camera down 1,mousemovey()
turn camera right 1,mousemovex()
mc=mouseclick()
move camera 1,0.2*((mc&&%1)-((mc&&%10)>>1))

if controlkey():save image "test.bmp",1:endif

sync mask 2:sync


`have to reprepare matrix texture and update!
`hellaciously slow- should use memblock object instead of matrix, but a pain in the bum to make...

REMSTART
prepare matrix texture 1,1,matdivs,matdivs
tile=1
for n=matdivs-1 to 0 step -1:for m=0 to matdivs-1
      set matrix tile 1,m,n,tile
      inc tile
next n:next m
update matrix 1
REMEND

view=1-shiftkey()
viewobj=2000+view

texture object viewobj,1   `retexture call necessary??
`if spacekey() then set matrix wireframe on 1 else set matrix wireframe off 1
set object wireframe viewobj,spacekey()
show object viewobj

for n=1 to numboxes:hide object n:next n
hide object 1000
hide object 1001
text 0,0,str$(screen fps())

`test whether orienting camera has any effect on what
`view looks like. i suspect it might just move view around (although cam range clipping
`wont work the same..)
`actually perhaps not that simple - but may be able to use multiple cams to break 180 deg
`fov limit for 1 camera.
`should solve for lower dimensions first- ie for cylindrical camera...
`won't be simple rotation- since final cam only sees max of hemisphere..

`along#=curvevalue(10.0*(leftkey()-rightkey()),along#,10.0)
`zrotate camera 0,along#

along#=curvevalue(1.0*(leftkey()-rightkey()),along#,10.0)
roll camera left 1,along#





`THINK MAY HAVE MADE SMALL ERROR IN CALCULATION FOR POSITION OF ZEROTH CAMERA.
`SHOULD CHECK THIS OUT..
if view
   position camera 0,0,100.0,0
   `set camera fov 45
   set camera fov 56.25
else
   position camera 0,0,0,0
   `set camera fov 80       `NB HAVE CHANGED MESH SO WILL NOT LOOK RIGHT ANYMORE,
                        `, IF EVER ACTUALLY WAS RIGHT!
   set camera fov 100
endif

set camera range 0,10,1000

`^^NEW position (shift pressed) doesn't seem to be angle preserving- so
`new code must have a mistake somewhere! :(










sync mask 1:sync



loop
end






















function make_hyperbola_matrix(viewtype)


matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes

`matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(70)
matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(75)
matsizew#=matsizeh#  `MAKE A SQUARE CAMERA! - will need to set camera aspect for cam 1 to 1

`matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(40)
`matsizeh#=sqrt(2)*tan(40)
`matsizew#=2*matsizeh#   `long camera!


`matdivs=15
matdivs=20
matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivs)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivs)

REMSTART
make matrix 1,matsizew#*matsf#,matsizeh#*matsf#,matdivs,matdivs
set matrix 1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0

`make a hyperbolic surface....
for m=0 to matdivs
for n=0 to matdivs
x#=(m-0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
y#=(n-0.5*matdivs)*matsqh#
h#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#+y#*y#)
set matrix height 1,m,n,0.0-h#*matsf#
next n
next m
position matrix 1,-0.5*matsizew#*matsf#,0.0,-0.5*matsizeh#*matsf#
update matrix 1
REMEND

num_vertices=6*matdivs*matdivs   `6 per square- since a square is 2 triangles
mesh_memblocksize=12+36*num_vertices

make memblock mesh_memblocknum, mesh_memblocksize

write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,0,338
write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,4,36



write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,8,num_vertices

mycolour as dword `vertex colour. NB there is deffo another memblock mesh format that doesn't have vert colour in it.
mycolour=0xFFFFFFFF

memblock_pos=12   `next position to write

for m=0 to matdivs-1
for n=0 to matdivs-1
   xin#=-0.5*matsizew# + matsqw#*m
   yin#=-0.5*matsizeh# + matsqh#*n
   xout#=xin#+matsqw#
   yout#=yin#+matsqh#

   temp_vert_pos#(1,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(1,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   for t=1 to 6
      a#=temp_vert_pos#(t,0)  ` / matsf#
      b#=temp_vert_pos#(t,1)  ` / matsf

   if viewtype=0
      `h#=sqrt(1.0+a#*a#+b#*b#)
      h#=sqrt(1.0+0.707*(a#*a#+b#*b#))    `seems to make look ALMOST the same as below
   else
      h#=sqrt(1.0+2.0*(a#*a#+b#*b#))   `APPEARS TO MAKE MOVED BACK CAM ANGLE PRESERVING?!!
                                       `also circle preserving- not sure why need the constant?!!
                                       `ie one with cam centre at 0,1,0 facing down at hyperbola...
   endif

      temp_vert_pos#(t,2)=0.0-h# `*matsf#
   next t

   for t=1 to 6

   `VERTEX COORDS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,2)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,1)*matsf# `was just 0.0 before added height variable..
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `NORMALS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,3)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,1.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,4)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,5)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `VERT COLOUR
   write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,mycolour
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `UV COORDS - set as just x and y
   uvscale#=0.1

   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)/matsizew#-0.5 `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,0)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.5-temp_vert_pos#(t,1)/matsizeh#   `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,1)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   next t

next n
next m

`if object exist(track_objnum) then delete object track_objnum

meshnum=1
make mesh from memblock meshnum, mesh_memblocknum
delete memblock mesh_memblocknum

if viewtype=0
   make object 2000,meshnum,1  `track_imagenum
   set object 2000,1,0,0,1,0,0,0
else
   make object 2001,meshnum,1  `track_imagenum
   set object 2001,1,0,0,1,0,0,0
endif

delete mesh meshnum

`position object 2000,0,-0.6,0 `make a little behind ordinary one
`texture object 2000,1




position camera 0,0,0
point camera 0,-1,0

`for a circular camera - set max range to depth of hyperbola at centre of edge..
x#=(0.5*matdivs)*matsqw#
maxrange#=sqrt(1.0+x#*x#)*matsf#

set camera range 90,maxrange#  `maxrange is for circle view..  `300
set camera fov 90

`guess that, for small alpha, fov should be proportional to the area (viewed from above)
`of matrix projected onto (the fov of the original normal camera image). guess that
`the area (or rather , side length) should scale with the picture size- ie not the fov,
`but as 2*tan(fov/2).


`test smaller fov now- how cam would be used in actual game..
`set camera fov 48
`set camera fov 60       `GOOD FOR 140 - almost no black on screen..
set camera fov 83      `GOOD FOR 140 - whole circle in view
`set camera fov 87   `good for 150...

`set camera fov 65.2
`set camera fov 60






endfunction

Rem Project: spherical camera
Rem Created: 13/11/2008 15:11:16

Rem ***** Main Source File *****

`by Ed Filby aka Mr Tank
`13th Nov 2008

`this is something i hacked together with educated guesswork
`it's an angle preserving spherical camera
`it renders a standard camera (camera 1) to an image
`this image is spread over a matrix shaped as a hyperbola
`then another camera (camera 0) takes a picture of the hyperbola, and shows this on the screen.
#constant mesh_memblocknum 1


sync on
sync rate 100   `twice what really want- since using 2 cameras!
set display mode 1024,768,32


dim temp_vert_pos#(6,3)


color backdrop 0
autocam off
hide mouse
set normalization on


`**********************
`this stuff was previously covered in above func. call..
position camera 0,0,0
point camera 0,-1,0
set camera fov 76.9
set camera range 90,900
`************************


`SCENE
`load image "cratetop.jpg",2
load image "Interior_ChessBoarda.jpg",2

numboxes=50
for n=1 to numboxes
   make object sphere n,20
   texture object n,2
   scale object texture n,5,5
   position object n,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40,rnd(80)-40
next n

make object cube 1000,125
texture object 1000,2
scale object texture 1000,20,20
set object cull 1000,0

set directional light 0,0.2,1,0
make light 1
set directional light 1,-0.2,-1,0
color light 1,-50,-50,-50
set ambient light 100
color ambient light rgb(150,150,150)
color light 0,150,150,150

fog off  `DOWNSIDE OF USING MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVE CAMERAS- fog doesn't work right.
         `actually, if persp cameras are same fov, then should work OK, but with large polygons
         `(eg the large box world is in), it still messes up...



global camfov1#
global camfov2#
global camfovh1#
global camfovh2#

camfov1#=120.0
camfovh1#=158.5
make_hyperbola_matrix_off_axis(2001,0.0,camfov1#,camfovh1#,17,25)   `<< not sure why need use different value to below?!!!!!!!!!

camfov2#=50      `60+100 / 2 = 80..
camfovh2#=142.0
make_hyperbola_matrix_off_axis(2002,84.9,camfov2#,camfovh2#,17,25)   `if use 40, seems that atanfull or something messes up in calculation..
make_hyperbola_matrix_off_axis(2003,-84.9,camfov2#,camfovh2#,17,25)


`CAMERA TO TAKE PIC OF WORLD
make camera 1
set camera to image 1,1,512,1024   `needs to be power of 2 to work - at least on my computer
set camera fov 1,camfovh1#
set camera aspect 1,tan(0.5*camfov1#)/tan(0.5*camfovh1#)   `so can use square camera - otherwise is 1.333 by default
set camera range 1,0.05,250
color backdrop 1,rgb(255,0,0)

for c=2 to 3
   make camera c
   set camera to image c,c+1,512,1024
   set camera fov c,camfovh2#
   set camera aspect c, tan(0.5*camfov2#)/tan(0.5*camfovh2#)
   set camera range c,0.05,250
   color backdrop c,rgb(255,0,0)
next c

for o=2001 to 2003:set object texture o,2,1:next o


do

for o=2001 to 2003:hide object o:next o
for n=1 to numboxes:show object n:next n
show object 1000

pitch camera down 1,mousemovey()
turn camera right 1,mousemovex()
along#=curvevalue(1.0*(leftkey()-rightkey()),along#,10.0)
roll camera left 1,along#

mc=mouseclick()
move camera 1,0.2*((mc&&%1)-((mc&&%10)>>1))

for c=2 to 3
rotate camera c, camera angle x(1),camera angle y(1),camera angle z(1)
position camera c,camera position x(1),camera position y(1),camera position z(1)
next c
turn camera right 2,84.9
turn camera right 3,-84.9

if controlkey():save image "test.bmp",1:endif

sync mask 14:sync `renders 1,2,3

texture object 2001,1
texture object 2002,3
texture object 2003,4

rk=returnkey()
for o=2001 to 2003:show object o:set object wireframe o,rk:next o
for n=1 to numboxes:hide object n:next n
hide object 1000
text 0,0,str$(screen fps())

sync mask 1:sync

loop
end




function make_hyperbola_matrix_off_axis(onum,angle1#,camfov#,camfovh#,matdivsw,matdivsh)

ct#=cos(angle1#)
tt#=tan(angle1#)

matsf#=100.0  `scale whole matrix by a # - since seems use whole # sizes

matsizeh#=2.0*tan(0.5*camfovh#)
matsizew#=2.0*tan(0.5*camfov#)

matsqw#=matsizew#/(1.0*matdivsw)
matsqh#=matsizeh#/(1.0*matdivsh)

num_vertices=6*matdivsw*matdivsh   `6 per square- since a square is 2 triangles
mesh_memblocksize=12+36*num_vertices

make memblock mesh_memblocknum, mesh_memblocksize

write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,0,338
write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,4,36


write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,8,num_vertices

mycolour as dword `vertex colour. NB there is deffo another memblock mesh format that doesn't have vert colour in it.
mycolour=0xFFFFFFFF

memblock_pos=12   `next position to write

for m=0 to matdivsw-1
for n=0 to matdivsh-1
   xin#=-0.5*matsizew# + matsqw#*m
   yin#=-0.5*matsizeh# + matsqh#*n
   xout#=xin#+matsqw#
   yout#=yin#+matsqh#

   temp_vert_pos#(1,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(1,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,0)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,1)=yin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,0)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,1)=yout#  ` *matsf#


   `hack in getting new x - likely more efficient way to do this.
   `nb can loop over y AFTER this stuff !!! TO DO
   xout#=ct#*(xout#+tt#)
   xin#=ct#*(xin#+tt#)

   temp_vert_pos#(1,3)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(2,3)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(3,3)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(4,3)=xin#   ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(5,3)=xout#  ` *matsf#
   temp_vert_pos#(6,3)=xout#  ` *matsf#


   for t=1 to 6
      a#=temp_vert_pos#(t,3)  ` / matsf#
      b#=temp_vert_pos#(t,1)  ` / matsf
  `    h#=sqrt(1.0+2.0*(a#*a#+b#*b#))   `APPEARS TO MAKE MOVED BACK CAM ANGLE PRESERVING?!!
                                       `also circle preserving- not sure why need the constant?!!
                                       `ie one with cam centre at 0,1,0 facing down at hyperbola...
   r#=sqrt(a#*a#+b#*b#)
   z#=ct#*(1.0-tt#*temp_vert_pos#(t,0))
   alpha#=atanfull(r#,z#)
   `h#=r#/tan(0.5*alpha#)
   h#=r#*tan(90.0-0.5*alpha#)

      temp_vert_pos#(t,2)=0.0-h# `*matsf#
   next t

   for t=1 to 6

   `VERTEX COORDS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,3)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,2)*matsf#
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,1)*matsf# `was just 0.0 before added height variable..
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `NORMALS
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,3)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,1.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,4)
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.0   `temp_vert_pos#(t,5)
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `VERT COLOUR
   write memblock dword mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,mycolour
   inc memblock_pos,4

   `UV COORDS - set as just x and y
   uvscale#=0.1

   `write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)/matsizew#-0.5 `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,0)
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,0)/matsizew#+0.5
   inc memblock_pos,4
   write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,0.5-temp_vert_pos#(t,1)/matsizeh#   `uvscale#*temp_vert_pos#(t,1)
   `write memblock float mesh_memblocknum,memblock_pos,temp_vert_pos#(t,1)/matsizeh#-0.5
   inc memblock_pos,4

   next t

next n
next m

meshnum=1
make mesh from memblock meshnum, mesh_memblocknum
delete memblock mesh_memblocknum

make object onum,meshnum,1
set object onum,1,0,0,1,0,0,0

delete mesh meshnum


endfunction