Quote: "let's try to be helpfull and not bash the poor guy, he'll find out sooner or later"
Hah! Alright, I guess I
can try..
Yes, a few things you would need (which Lucifer stated): A Microphone (a dynamic microphone is a good choice for people just getting started in the music world), an audio interface (USB is recommended for beginners, jsut because it is very easy to set up), and some type of recording software.
Microphone- The most durable and most preferred dynamic microphone, in my opinion, is the Shure SM57. It has great sound quality and it is fairly inexpensive (expensive for a dynamic microphone I suppose though... personal preference really though). Also, with a dynamic microphone, you can also record acoustic instruments cleanly. I've never tried it with a percussion instrument or an electric guitar, or anything along those lines.
USB Audio Interface- This device is used to, basically, plug in the microphone to the computer and make it ready to record and such. However, audio interfaces don't stop just at that. Many have built-in effects and such which sort of alter the sound and make it a higher quality.. Hmmm, maybe somebody can explain this a little better for me? Oh yeah, one more thing, when looking for an Audio Interface, be sure to get a low-latency kind*.
Recording software- This is pretty self explanatory. The recording software actually takes the sound from the microphone and creates an audio file out of it. There are actually many great free programs for this. Audacity, as Lucifer stated, is great for beginners and, actually, some professionals may prefer this application for its ease of use use and overall stability. Another program that I found a while ago is an application called 'Wavosaur'. It is not very well known, however, it is pretty straightforward and also very easy to use. It also have a lot of features built into it, such as VST effect support (Audacity has this too, but Wavosaur's is a bit easier to use in my opinion) and certain kinds of displays for maximum audio displays and such (not really for beginners per-say, but I find it useful).
Hope you found that a bit more helpful.