Quote: "Here's a question. If you were to create a universe in your garage with the exact same laws and starting conditions as our own, would it do the same things as our universe has?"
I suppose that this is the real question to the whole thread. I look at it this way.. Gravity, and time in the universe has always controlled the outcome of physics. When you look out into space, all of the planets are controlled by those physics. When you look further out, a Nebula is controlled by those physics....
... but when you look at Earth... it isn't controlled by those physics. We stand up against gravity, we throw a rock without the need for cause, and effect hitting the rock. We can destroy an entire planet for no reason...
... our first cause is time. So when Cause, and effect is referred to you only have to understand time to solve the quote in my reply...
...second effect is direction.. time creates flow with direction...
...so third effect is flow... the direction is the area of least resistance.
... the universe uses deterministic flow direction of time leading to gravity with a flow direction towards area of least resistance.
And this is where humans get their free will. The area of least resistance is not determined in humans. The area of least resistance starts with pressure. Two planets collide, the area of least resistance is the planet with the lowest force... determined...
...however, humans are pressure containers. The heart is a pressure valve for blood.. the flow of blood is determined by the heart pulses.. determined...
... the brain in (my theory) is also a pressure valve (yet to be proven). But the brain (in my theory) does not control blood flow, it controls time flow...
... our first cause is time...
... we control time flow....
... our first cause is time...
... we control time flow....
... our first cause is time...
... we control time flow....
... our first cause is time...
... we control time flow....
... our first cause is time...
... we control time flow....
... our first cause is time...
... we control time flow....
and so this loop is a none deterministic paradox.