It does work, but probably not how you think it does.
It doesn't render the colour to the display and merge the backdrop colour with what you previously rendered, but it
sets the backdrop to that colour. That pretty much makes the alpha component of the colour irrelevent.
If you want the alpha effect with the previous rendering, then you should use the BOX command with a colour with alpha:
sync on
sync rate 60
backdrop off
make object cube 1, 10
move camera -5.0
cls rgb(0, 0, 255)
do
box 0, 0, screen width(), screen height(), rgb(64, 0, 0, 255)
roll object left 1, 2.0
sync
loop