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function rayCast()


position object rayObj,camera position x(),camera position y(),camera position z()

      Set Object To Camera Orientation rayObj

startx# = object position x(player)
starty# = object position y(player)
startz# = object position z(player)
      move object rayObj,1000

xvec# = object position x(rayObj) - startx#
yvec# = object position y(rayObj) - starty#
zvec# = object position z(rayObj) - startz#
`move object rayObj,-100


`      endx = object position x(rayObj)
`      endy = object position y(rayObj)
`      endz = object position z(rayObj)

  `    temp = phy ray cast all shapes(startx#,starty#,startz#,xvec#,yvec#,zvec#)

        if phy get ray cast hit() = 1
`           color object phy get ray cast object(),rgb(0,0,255)
           text 1,1,str$(phy get ray cast distance())

        endif


endfunction

` this program demonstrates how continous collision detection
` can be applied to objects

` set up the program
autocam off
sync on
sync rate 60
hide mouse
randomize timer ( )
make light 1
set directional light 1, -5, -5, 5
backdrop off
phy enable debug
phy start

` create background sphere
load image "stripe5.png",1
make object sphere 2,400,48,48
texture object 2,1
scale object texture 2,6,6
set object cull 2,0

` create the floor object
load image "stripe6.png", 3
make object box 10, 50, 1, 50
position object 10, 0, -10, 0
texture object 10, 3
phy make rigid body static mesh 10

` turn ccd on
phy set continuous cd 1.0

` make object in centre with no ccd
make object cube 100, 5
position object 100, 0, 100, 0
phy make rigid body dynamic box 100
phy set rigid body linear velocity 100, 0, -1000, 0

` make object on left with ccd
make object cube 101, 5
position object 101, -20, 100, 0
phy make rigid body dynamic box 101
phy set rigid body linear velocity 101, 0, -1000, 0
phy set rigid body ccd 101, 1

` make object on right with ccd
make object cube 102, 5
position object 102, 20, 100, 0
phy make rigid body dynamic box 102
phy set rigid body linear velocity 102, 0, -1000, 0
phy set rigid body ccd 102, 1

` position and rotate the camera
position camera -46.8, 26.8, -49
rotate camera 34.7, 46.4, 0

` display the Dark Physics logo
load image "logo.png", 100000
sprite 1, 0, 600 - 60, 100000
set sprite 1, 0, 1

` main program loop
do
   set cursor 0, 0
   print "Continuous Collision Detection Example"
   print ""
   print "The objects on the left and right have CCD applied"
   print "They can move at high speeds and not penetrate the ground"
   print ""
   print "The object in the centre is not using CCD"
   print "As a result of this it will fall through the ground"

   ` rotate the sphere
   rotate object 2, object angle x ( 2 ) + 0.1, object angle y( 2 ) - 0.5, object angle z ( 2 ) + 0.3

   ` update the simulation and screen
   phy update
   sync
loop

`Timer based movement Tutorial`
`=============================`
`
`Hey the slooper, yeah its lesson time again. Grab a coffee and lets get started.
`
`Ok so why timer based movement? Simply it is because different computers run at
`different speeds and so on some computers games will run faster or slower than
`others.
`So what is the solution?
`Well we have to code the game so that alters the speed an object is moving
`depending on how fast the computer is working.

`Right so how do we measure how fast the computer is working?...the answer is
`in frames per second, this is how many loops we are making each second
`(I'm obviously assuming that we are syncing once a loop)
`
`So we need to be able to see how many frames a second we are using...that bit
`is easy.
`        Framerate=Screen Fps() `
`The screenfps() command is what returns the frame rate. We are going to use this
`value in a minute.
`
`Let us think for a minute. In normal life we measure speed in things like
`Kilometers per hour or meters per second. We have a distance unit and a time
`
`In Dark Basic Pro we measure distance in units of space, we use these all the time
`(e.g. positon object 1,500,30,80 is positioning object 1, 500 units into the world
`on the x axies, 30 units into the world on the y axies and 80 units into the world
`in the z axies.)
`
`So we have our distance units...now we need a time. As we are moving our objects
`every loop we need how much time each loop is taking. We get this by using this
`sum:
`Time#=(1.0/screen fps())
`Looks a bit complicated?...not really, all it is doing is dividing 1 (second) by
`however many loops we have had the in last second....this returns a float value
`which is the time each loop is taking.
`
`If you still a bit confused think of it like this:
`I have traveled 10 meters in 1 second...how long did it take me to travel each meter?
`what we do is we divide the 1 second by the 10 meters and realise it took 0.1 seconds
`to travel each meter.
`This is the same in our code above. We divided 1 second by how many loops we had in that
`seond to see how long each loop took.
`
`Well this is all very well but what can we do with this value?...very simple we will
`multiply any distance we want to move by this value and it will give us a distance we
`move that loop.
`See the code below for an explanation.

Cls
Sync on
`Stuff we know...notice that we don't set the max framerate as our objects will move at
`the same speed no-matter what the framerate is`

Autocam off
`This simply stops the camera staring at an object when it is made.

Make object sphere 1,10
position object 1,-40,0,0
`This is our test object, this ball is the one we shall be moving`

Position camera 0,50,-70
point camera 0,0,0
`position our camera so we can watch what is happening`

SpeedX#=10
SpeedY#=0
SpeedZ#=0
`These are the speeds for the object...We will need to have a tutorial on
`vectors soon, they are so useful its untrue...especially relate to this stuff.

Global Time#
`This variable will be where we store our value saying how long each loop is taking

do
 Time#=(1.0/screen fps())
 MoveBall(1,SpeedX#,SpeedY#,SpeedZ#)
 ` here we call the moveball function and pass it the number of the object we want to
 ` move, and the speeds
 text 10,10,str$(screen fps())
 sync
loop

Function MoveBall(obnum,SpeedX#,SpeedY#,SpeedZ#)
 x#=object position x(obnum)
 y#=object position y(obnum)
 z#=object position z(obnum)
 `store the object's current position`
 newposx#=x#+(SpeedX#*Time#)
 newposy#=y#+(SpeedY#*Time#)
 newposz#=z#+(SpeedZ#*Time#)
 `Ok here is the big bit. This works out the new position for the object`
 `It does this by adding the speed of the object to its original position`
 `but take note that we have multiplied this speed by our Time# value.
 `What this means is that our object is going to move at 10 units PER SECOND
 `and that isthe important bit...by multiplying by the Time# value we are
 `changing the speed from how far it moves each loop, to how far it moves
 `EACH SECOND`
 position object obnum,newposx#,newposy#,newposz#
 `and we finish by positioning the object in the new position`
Endfunction


`Ok so we are done !
`Thats it !
`All there is to it really !
`Now if you have run this you will notice that the ball moves VERY slowly. Why is this?
`Well if you look at the speeds we have set it to move at a speed of 10 in the x axies.
`Now if you are really getting the hang of this you will notice that this is the speed
`PER SECOND, and so our object is moving 10 units PER SECOND...which is very slow.
`We just have to learn to program in speed per second just like we measure a car speed
`in kilometers per hour.

`Well I hope this has helped. If any of it is vague or confusing just email me. I'm more
`that happy to explain again or to modify any mistakes.
`Next we really should do vectors as they are an incredably useful tool, I cant stress
`that enough. Realy it was only when I learnt about vectors and combined them with timer
`based movement that I began to get good at DBP,,, and that was about 3 years ago now!
`
`Well seeya soon mate, let me know if this is good enough and feel free to publish it on
`your site.
`Bye

`p.s. you will also notice a little speed jump at the beggining...this is due to the fact
`that the speed rate changes rapidly as the app starts, once it settles down it is fine.

To control the threshold at which CCD is applied use the command phy set rigid body ccd motion threshold to specify a minimum velocity for the use of CCD. I.e. below the motion threshold for the body only regular discrete collision detection is used. (This applies to absolute velocities and relative velocities(for dynamic vs dynamic CCD))

phy set rigid body mass ID, threshold#
  Parameters 
 
ID
   ID number of the rigid body 
    
threshold#
   new threshold level 
    
  Returns 

This command does not return a value. 

this command will 
build rotation axis matrix 4

useage
build rotation axis martix 4,?,?

function control_Grenade_Shooting()


power# = 3500*Time#

      cx#=camera position x()
      cy#=camera position y()
      cz#=camera position z()

`   if mouseclick()=1 and timer()>last_shot+1000.0/shoot_rate#
`      last_shot=timer()

if reload_timer<timer() and reload_timer_active = 1

for ii = 1 to 10
      if object exist( bullet_obj(ii))
                   phy delete rigid body bullet_obj(ii)
      endif

next ii
i = 0
reload_timer_active = 0
endif



   if mouseclick()=1 and mtimer<timer() and reload_timer_active = 0
      mtimer = timer()+1500


     i=i+1

if i = 10

reload_timer_active = 1
reload_timer = timer()+3000

endif

   if object exist( bullet_obj(i)) <> 1 then  make object sphere bullet_obj(i),2.5


      position object bullet_obj(i),camera position x(),camera position y(),camera position z()
      Set Object To Camera Orientation bullet_obj(i)
      move object bullet_obj(i),10
      sx#=object position x(bullet_obj(i))-cx#
      sy#=object position y(bullet_obj(i))-cy#
      sz#=object position z(bullet_obj(i))-cz#
  `    phy make rigid body dynamic sphere bullet_obj(i)
Phy Make Rigid Body Dynamic Convex bullet_obj(i)
      phy set rigid body linear velocity bullet_obj(i),sx#*power#,sy#*power#,sz#*power#

  `phy set rigid body ccd bullet_obj(i), 1
 `phy set rigid body ccd motion threshold bullet_obj(i),10




   endif

endfunction

goto skipwinsock
remstart
winsock make
if (winsock error())
   `an error has occurred, print the error message and quit.
   print winsock error msg$()
   wait key
   end
endif
input "Type 1 for server or 2 for client:",ia$
if ia$="2"
   input "Server IP:",ip$
   input "Server port:",prt$
   prt=val(prt$)
   print "Connecting..."
   channel = winsock connect(ip$,prt)
endif
if ia$="1"
   input "Your public IP:",ip$
   input "Listen port:",prt$
   prt=val(prt$)
   print "Waiting for connection...";
   channel =winsock listen(ip$,prt)
   while winsock channel data waiting(channel)=null
      sleep 1000
      print ".";
      winsock refresh channels
   endwhile
   channel=winsock accept(channel)
endif
check_for_error(channel)
if tda<>0 then print "Error "+str$(tda)+" reported by Winsock"
print
print
print "*** Remote OK"
print
print "Connection established, loading program..."
sync
sleep 2000
remend
skipwinsock:
#constant opx object position x
#constant opy object position y
#constant opz object position z
#constant oax object angle x
#constant oay object angle y
#constant oaz object angle z

global debnce as integer: debnce=0
global dbct as integer
global zz$ as string
dim txtbuff$(200) as string
Null = Make Vector3(2)
sync on
sync rate 60
load effect "fur.fx",1,1
null=make vector4(1)
furscale as float
furscale=1.0
set effect constant float 1,"furscale",furscale
`set effect constant vector 1,"lightDir",1
`load image "grass2.bmp",4
`load image "stratat.bmp",3
`make object terrain 1
``set object effect 1, 1
`set terrain heightmap 1,"stratah.bmp"
`set terrain split 1,16
`set terrain scale 1,12.0,1.2,12.0
`set terrain texture 1,3,4
`set terrain tiling 1,1
`set terrain light 1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1
`build terrain 1
load object "golfcourse1.x",1
scale object 1,100,100,100
load image "grass2.bmp",4
texture object 1,4
scale object texture 1,100,100
`set object effect 1, 1
`set reflection shading on 1
phy start
`phy set gravity 0.0,-19.6,0.0
`phy set default sleep linear velocity squared 400.0
`phy set bounce threshold 0.0
`phy set auto fixed timing

phy make material 2,"golfball"
phy set material dynamic friction 2,0.2
phy set material static friction 2,0.2
phy set material restitution 2,0.2
phy set material friction combine 2,1
`phy set material restitution combine 2,3
phy build material 2

phy make material 3,"green"
phy set material dynamic friction 3,99.9
phy set material static friction 3,99.9
phy set material restitution 3,0.99
phy set material friction combine 3,1
`phy set material restitution combine 3,3
phy build material 3

phy make rigid body static mesh 1,3
load object "golfball.x",2
scale object 2,10,10,10
position object 2,10,10,30
phy make rigid body dynamic sphere 2,2
position camera 0,3100,400,1100
`phy set timing 50.0,8,1
phy set rigid body linear velocity 2,-1.0,1.0,1.0
phy set rigid body max angular velocity 2,1000
`phy set rigid body angular momentum 2,0.0,10000.0,0.0
phy set rigid body mass 2,10.0
`set shadow shading on 2,0,100,0
position light 0,3100,1000,1100
load image "golfbump.png",5,1
load image "golfball2.jpg",6
`set object effect 2,1
texture object 2,6
set bump mapping on 2,5
`set object effect 2,1
`phy set rigid body sleep linear velocity 2,500.0
`phy set rigid body sleep angular velocity 2,500.0
`phy set rigid body linear damping 1,0.0
`phy set rigid body linear damping 2,0.0
`phy set timing 60.0,1,0
`phy set default sleep angular velocity squared 10000.0
`phy set default sleep linear velocity squared 10000.0
d#=2
phy set timing 1.0 / 60.0, 60 / 20, 8
`phy set timing 20.1,2,1
phy set gravity 0.0,-9.8,0.0
make object plain 3,2,2
load image "arrow.bmp",7
texture object 3,7
rotate object 3,90,0,0
fix object pivot 3
set object transparency 3,1

load object "golfguy1.x",4
position object 4,10,200,10
scale object 4,2,2,2
color object 4,rgb(200,128,128)
hide object 4

make OBJECT sphere 5,5000
load image "sky.jpg",8
texture object 5,8
set object cull 5,0
`hide object 5
`scale object 5,5000,5000,5000

g#=10.0
`phy set auto fixed timing
`phy set continuous cd 1.0
`phy set rigid body ccd 2,1
`phy set rigid body ccd motion threshold 2,20

do
remstart skip winsock
   winsock refresh channels
   if winsock channel data waiting(channel)
      message$ = winsock recv string(channel)
      if message$<>"" then txtscradd("Remote: "+message$)
   endif
remend
   x#=phy get rigid body linear velocity x (2)
   y#=phy get rigid body linear velocity y (2)
   z#=phy get rigid body linear velocity z (2)
   d#=phy get rigid body angular velocity x(2)
   e#=phy get rigid body angular velocity y(2)
   f#=phy get rigid body angular velocity z(2)
   c=0

   while phy get collision data() and phy get rigid body sleeping(2)=0
      a=phy get collision object a()
      b=phy get collision object b()
      if a=1 and b=2 then c=1
   endwhile

   if c=1 `and (abs(x#)>0.8 or abs(y#)>0.8 or abs(z#)>0.8 and (abs(d#)+abs(e#)+abs(f#)>0.7))
      x#=x#*0.99 : rem these are required since DP has no rolling collision
      y#=y#*0.99
      z#=z#*0.99
      d#=d#*0.99
      e#=e#*0.99
      f#=f#*0.99
      phy set rigid body linear velocity 2,x#,y#,z#
      phy set rigid body angular velocity 2,d#,e#,f#
   endif

   if c=1 and (abs(x#)+abs(y#)+abs(z#))/3.0<3.33 and (abs(d#)+abs(e#)+abs(f#))/3.0<0.2 then h=h+2
   if h>10
      phy sleep rigid body 2:h=0:show object 3:show object 4
      sttx# =opx (2)
      stty# =opy (2)
      sttz# =opz (2)
      `winsock send string channel,"System: "+str$(opx (2))+","+str$(opy (2))+","+str$(opz (2))+",_,"+str$(d#)+","+str$(e#)+","+str$(f#)+chr$(10)+chr$(13)
      `txtscradd("Loc System: "+str$(opx (2))+","+str$(opy (2))+","+str$(opz (2))+",_,"+str$(d#)+","+str$(e#)+","+str$(f#)+chr$(10)+chr$(13))
   endif
   if h>0 then h=h-1
   `if x#<128.0 then x#=x#+0.01
   `phy set rigid body linear velocity 2,x#,y#,z#

   `if upkey() then phy set rigid body angular velocity 2,100.0,0.0,0.0
   `if leftkey() then phy set rigid body angular velocity 2,0.0,0.0,100.0
   `if downkey() then phy set rigid body angular velocity 2,-100.0,0.0,0.0
   `if rightkey() then phy set rigid body angular velocity 2,0.0,0.0,-100.0
   if leftkey() then yrotate object 3,oay (3)+0.3:rotate object 4,oax (3),oay (3)-90,oaz (3)
   if rightkey() then yrotate object 3,oay (3)-0.3:rotate object 4,oax (3),oay (3)-90,oaz (3)
      arx#=sin(wrapvalue(oay (3)-180.0))
      arz#=cos(wrapvalue(oay (3)-180.0))
   if controlkey()
      phy set rigid body linear velocity 2,arx#*10.0,10.0,arz#*10.0:hide object 3:hide object 4
   endif
   if spacekey() then phy sleep rigid body 2:`g#=g#+0.1
   if shiftkey() then phy wake up rigid body 2:`g#=g#-0.1
   `k$=inkey$()
   `if k$="a" then phy sleep rigid body 2
   `if k$="s" then phy wake up rigid body 2
   `if k$="l"
      `delete file "debug.txt"
      `open to write 1,"debug.txt"
      `write string 1,str$(x#)
      `write string 1,str$(y#)
      `write string 1,str$(z#)
      `write string 1,str$(d#)
      `write string 1,str$(e#)
      `write string 1,str$(f#)
      `close file 1
   `endif

   position camera 0,opx (2),opy (2)+g#/2,opz (2)
   set camera to object orientation 0,3
   yrotate camera 0,camera angle y(0)+180
   move camera 0,-g#
   point camera opx (2),opy (2),opz (2)
   position object 3,opx (2),opy (2)+2, opz (2)
   position object 4,opx (2),opy (2),opz (2)
   position object 5,opx (2),opy (2),opz (2)
   `phy set timing 20.0,2,1
   `phy update
   `phy update
   `phy update
   xangle# = WrapValue( xangle# + 0.1 )
   set vector4 1,Cos( XAngle# ), -1 ,  Sin( Xangle# ), 0

   text 10,210,"x:"+str$(opx (2))
   text 10,220,"y:"+str$(opy (2))
   text 10,230,"z:"+str$(opz (2))
   text 10,240,"c:"+str$(c)
   text 10,250,"px:"+str$(x#)
   text 10,260,"py:"+str$(y#)
   text 10,270,"pz:"+str$(z#)
   text 10,280,"pax:"+str$(d#)
   text 10,290,"pay:"+str$(e#)
   text 10,300,"paz:"+str$(f#)
   text 10,310,"h:"+str$(h)
   text 10,320,"arx:"+str$(arx#)
   text 10,330,"arz:"+str$(arz#)
   text 10,340,"fps:"+str$(screen fps())
   text 500,20,"polycount:"+str$(statistic(1))
   text 500,10,"Yards: "+str$(int((get_distance(opx (2),opy (2), opz (2),sttx#,stty#,sttz#))/4.0))
   msgs$=getkey(80,20,10,400,9,549,rgb(150,150,150),rgb(50,50,50))
   if msgs$<>""
      txtscradd("Local: "+msgs$)
      `winsock send string channel,msgs$+chr$(10)+chr$(13)
   endif
   msgs$=""
   txtscroll()
   set effect constant vector 1,"lightDir",1
   phy update
   sync
loop

Function Get_Distance(x1#,y1#,z1#,x2#,y2#,z2#)
   Set Vector3 2,x1#-x2#,y1#-y2#,z1#-z2#
   d#=Length Vector3(2)
Endfunction d#

function check_for_error(a_channel as DWORD)
   if (winsock channel error(a_channel))
      txtscradd(winsock channel error msg$(a_channel))
      winsock clean up
   endif
endfunction

function txtscroll()
   ink rgb(255,255,255),0
   for q=0 to 10
      text 5,120-(q*10),txtbuff$(q)
   next q
endfunction

function txtscradd(buff$ as string)
   for q=200 to 1 step -1
      txtbuff$(q)=txtbuff$(q-1)
   next q
   txtbuff$(0)=buff$
   txtscroll()
endfunction

function getkey(tf as integer,ts as integer,tx as integer,ty as integer,tx2 as integer,ty2 as integer,tfc as integer,tbc as integer)
   curcount=curcount+1
   if curcount>5 then curcount=0:baron=baron +1
   if baron=2 then baron=0
   rem text 10,10,str$(baron)+"    "+str$(curcount)
   pfs=text size()
   tzz$=zz$
   if scancode()<>14 then zz$=zz$+entry$()
   if scancode()<>14 and debnce=1 then debnce=0:dbct=0
   if scancode()=14 and debnce=1 then dbct=dbct+1
   if scancode()=14 and debnce=1
      if dbct>16 then zz$=left$(zz$,(len(zz$)-1)):dbct=16
   endif
   if debnce=0
   if scancode()=14 then zz$=left$(zz$,(len(zz$)-1)):debnce=1
   endif
   clear entry buffer
   rem if scancode()=14 then goto skpy
   rem if tzz$<>zz$ then ink tbc,0:box tx,ty,tx2,ty2:ink tfc,0
   if right$(zz$,1)=chr$(13) then msgs$=left$(zz$,len(zz$)-1):clear entry buffer:zz$=""
   if len(zz$)>tf then zz$=left$(zz$,tf)
   if baron=1 then ad$="_"
   if baron=0 then ad$=""
   set text size ts
   ink tbc,0
   text tx2,ty2, "Chat> "+zz$+ad$
   ink tfc,0
   text tx,ty, "Chat>"+zz$+ad$
skpy:
   set text size pfs
endfunction msgs$