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Geek Culture / Calculus: How is it used?

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Libervurto
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Posted: 23rd Oct 2010 19:30 Edited at: 23rd Oct 2010 19:32
I've been intrigued by calculus for a while and just started reading into it. I found this article very helpful but I still don't understand how and when to actually use. The example shows that you can figure out the speed you are travelling at any given point by differentiation, but what use is that? And why would I want to know the area under a curve? I have heard that calculus is used in things like fluid dynamics, but it's all very mysterious and I find it hard to learn things if I can't see how they would be useful.

Does anyone have any examples of how you have used calculus in the past?


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Eminent
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Posted: 23rd Oct 2010 19:35
It is used for the same reason bedmas was made. To make math harder. But seriously, I dont know why the hell Calc or Bedmas was made...


BiggAdd
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Posted: 23rd Oct 2010 19:53 Edited at: 23rd Oct 2010 19:56
You use a lot of calculus in Engineering. If you want practical uses of Calculus, then I suggest you have a look through an Engineering Mathematics book.

This is a pretty good book:
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Engineering-Mathematics-K-Stroud/dp/1403942463

I'm sure your library will stock it.

Jimpo
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Posted: 23rd Oct 2010 20:37
It's used most heavily in physics and mathematics, but engineering, other sciences, and economics will use calculus.

An example of how you would use calc is multiplying two values together, but one value constantly changes depending on the other. Like, if you wanted to measure the area under the curve, you do that by doing x times y. But y constantly changes as a function of x, so you have to integrate over the region.

DJ Almix
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Posted: 23rd Oct 2010 20:41
I usually balance my checkbook, see what my paycheck is after taxes and check how much gas I have left in my car with calculus.

Neuro Fuzzy
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Posted: 23rd Oct 2010 21:06
Actually, just updating positions in a game can be considered integration. You have the object's speed (dpos/dt) and you add that to the object's position (dpos/dt * change in time + position ≈ new position). This is euler integration, the same method used to derive e=lim n-> ∞ (1+1/n)^n

calculus is behind a lot of things (formula for the area of a circle n' other weirdo shapes). finding the velocity given acceleration over time, etc.

The idea of interest "compounded continuously" stems from the definition

1. f(0)=Principle
2. f(x+dx)=f(x)+f(x)*rate*dx
statement 2 is equivalent to saying:
3. f'(x)=f(x)*rate

So after some calculus, you can derive: f(x)=P*e^(rate*x)

I'm pretty sure there's a LOT of calculus that is used in designing circuitry (computers!)

Trigonometry is pretty well tied to calculus by the equation e^(i*theta)=cos(theta)+i*sin(theta), since e can't be expressed by anything but calculus (itsa transcendental number). Trigonometry functions are also often approximated by taylor series.

I'd guess most physics and collision engines are backed by a bit of calculus.

Yeh... calculus is behind the scenes of a lot of stuff.

Phaelax
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Posted: 25th Oct 2010 03:26
I bought a book once for 50 cents on Calculus and analytical geometry, it's helped out a lot with my game programming.


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Van B
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Posted: 25th Oct 2010 12:54
One good use for calculus is finding ideal results. For example, if you have a piece of cardboard at a set dimension, you could use calculus to work out the ideal size of box that you could make from the cardboard. Or, more relevant here - imagine you are making a worms game, and you want the enemy to factor in wind, aim direction, and gravity when firing at the player, calculous would help a great deal in working out ideal trajectories. So if you needed a projectile to end up at XYZ, then calculus would help you work out the trajectory and velocity needed to get it there.

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AndrewT
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Posted: 25th Oct 2010 23:16
If you're looking for day to day applications that the layman can take advantage of, you're probably out of luck. The applications of calculus are not as direct and obvious as, say, the applications of algebra or geometry. Relative to those areas of mathematics, calculus is rather obscure and can seem completely useless. However, it is incredibly important in physics and certain fields of engineering, and is used frequently in chemistry, biology, and economics as well.

Quote: "I find it hard to learn things if I can't see how they would be useful."


Then don't learn it . If you have a genuine interest in calculus, or if you're going to need it for a job, that should be all the motivation you need. If neither of those things apply to you, then I'm not sure what you're doing studying calculus...

I, personally, am fascinated by math regardless of its applications, so I would spend time learning about it even if I didn't plan on studying it in college. Spend some time learning the basics of calc, and see if it interests you. This website is a good resource:

http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcI/CalcI.aspx

Once you get past the fundamentals of math (basic algebra, geometry, trig), it becomes an incredibly fascinating and intriguing subject.

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gbark
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Posted: 26th Oct 2010 01:49
Quote: "why would I want to know the area under a curve?"


That's really just a generalized case that's used when learning Calculus. In the "real world", your curve might represent some physical attribute. Let's say, every point on the curve represents the speed you're traveling at some point in time. Well, then the area under some segment of the curve represents the total distance you've traveled during that interval.

So if you kept your eye on your speedometer while driving, you could use the area under the curve to calculate exactly how far you've traveled after a certain time.


Quote: "One good use for calculus is finding ideal results."


This right here is an example where calculus is extremely useful.

Say, for example, in something like Economics. You might be able to work out formulas that represent a "productivity", based on a number of variables such as how much a specific task costs, how much of the budget you can allocate to the task, time taken for the task, etc. Obviously you want to work those variables so that you maximize your relative productivity, so you can use Calculus to solve for this and figure out which combination of variables will give you the highest productivity. Lagrange Multipliers are pretty interesting to read up on for something like this.

Other obvious uses include Physics, as stated. Say you want to know how much fuel to add to a rocket so that it can reach a certain velocity before running out, while taking gravity into account - Well, you would need Calculus to derive the formula for that if you didn't already know it.

In fact, Calculus is used for a lot of proofs and derivations of other formulas. Most of the formulas we use we don't really think about, it's just a matter of plugging in values and getting a result. So you never really "see" the Calculus. But if you look into the proofs of a lot of these formulas, you'll see exactly where it came into play.
Libervurto
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Posted: 28th Oct 2010 18:33
Thanks everyone, it is a bit clearer to me now.You see I wanted some examples so if I come across similar problems I will know that calculus could help me.


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